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Girls\' runaway is an international phenomenon with local reasons

Sat, 27 Mar 2010 22:55:19 +0300

A lot of international societies suffer from the international phenomenon of girls\' runaway; some of it form a real crisis, but we in Saudi Arabia for many main reasons as the nature of Saudi society that based on Religiosity and the valuable customs and traditions this problem doesn\'t reach the limit of a phenomenon, but it is very important to treat it as it touches girls section the future mothers and offend to this Muslim society and its humanity, and to prevent its aggravation and leading to social dangers and family incoherence , and before all that for the victory of mercy and loving between family members the nuclear of Muslim society by the examination of its reasons and finding its suitable solutions. By looking at these situations which we see a lot of them in the daily newspapers we will find that it is a result of a common mistake between the girl and its family. All the views almost agree about the case reasons and its treatment ways and finding the best solution of this case is to recall the efforts cooperation of official and local society institution to treat it .starting from caring obsession of Arabian human and to supply the kind care for him, and also starting from religious teachings and society values which move us to try to purify it from defects and destroying ailment and negative phenomenon which threaten its peace and safety. Sociologists classifies girls runaway to moral runway where girl isolates from her family in her own room because of the cruelty of masculine society which is represented in father and brother and she lives in a total isolated world through internet a --- ��

How to give up smoking

Sat, 27 Mar 2010 22:52:26 +0300

Some smokers accost by saying \"Do not tell me why I should stop smoking, but tell me how to stop. It is worth mentioning that 5 - 16 % of smokers are able to stop for six months at least with out aid means or medical treatments. But, the studies pointed out that the smokers who use medical treatments are able to stop for more than six months from those who do not use them. Besides, the supportive behavioral programs increase the proportion of the success average of giving up smoking program. It can be said that it is not only one correct way to follow in order to stop smoking, but there are some keys for the success of giving up smoking program. There are 4 major factors: - Making the decision to give up smoking. - Choosing a specific appointment and a giving up plan. - Dealing with the withdrawal symptoms. -The constancy of giving up smoking. Making the decision: This decision must come from the person himself, that there could be some around this person who want him to stop smoking. But the true decision comes from inside this person. There are some points that the more belief in them increases the success proportion of making the decision such as: the convention that there is proportion of being infected with smoking complications, that this person will make a serious and honest attempt to stop, and finally the convention that the benefits he could make out of giving up are more than those of smoking \"if they are found\". Choosing a specific appointment and a giving up plan: Whenever the decision is made, this person becomes able to specify an appointment, which is considered a very imp --- ��

Addiction: \"Drugs, Brains, and Behavior - The Science of Addiction\"

Thu, 11 Dec 2008 21:08:47 +0300

How Science Has Revolutionized the Understanding of Drug Addiction Throughout much of the last century, scientists studying drug abuse labored in the shadows of powerful myths and misconceptions about the nature of addiction. When science began to study addictive behavior in the 1930s, people addicted to drugs were thought to be morally flawed and lacking in willpower. Those views shaped society\'s responses to drug abuse, treating it as a moral failing rather than a health problem, which led to an emphasis on punitive rather than preventative and therapeutic actions. Today, thanks to science, our views and our responses to drug abuse have changed dramatically. Groundbreaking discoveries about the brain have revolutionized our understanding of drug addiction, enabling us to respond effectively to the problem. As a result of scientific research, we know that addiction is a disease that affects both brain and behavior. We have identified many of the biological and environmental factors and are beginning to search for the genetic variations that contribute to the development and progression of the disease. Scientists use this knowledge to develop effective prevention and treatment approaches that reduce the toll drug abuse takes on individuals, families, and communities. Despite these advances, many people today do not understand why individuals become addicted to drugs or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug abuse. This booklet aims to fill that knowledge gap by providing scientific information about the disease of drug addiction, including the many harmful consequences of drug abuse and the basic approaches th --- ��

Side Effects of Cocaine

Mon, 06 Oct 2008 21:40:31 +0300

The side effects of cocaine tend to affect the entire body, especially the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. The side effects of cocaine are thought to be due to excessively high plasma levels resulting from excessive ingestion of the drug and the subsequent rapid absorption into the blood stream. Often this leads to overdose and death due to respiratory and cardiovascular failure. The active component of cocaine must enter the brain by crossing a protective covering known as the blood brain barrier. Once across this barrier, effects and side effects of cocaine due to central nervous system activity can be seen. The central nervous system reactions are both excitatory and/or depressant. These side effects of cocaine are characterized by nervousness, restlessness, and excitement. As these side effects of cocaine progress, tremors and eventually epileptic-like convulsions may occur. Vomiting is also common. Following the excitatory side effects of cocaine is the depressive and more dangerous side effects of cocaine. Respiratory depression results displaying slowed rate of breathing and decreased sensitivity to increasing carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Eventually, at high doses, respiratory related side effects of cocaine result in respiratory failure and death Side Effects of Cocaine In the cardiovascular system, small doses actually cause the heart rate to slow down. With increasing doses, the side effects of cocaine are stimulatory causing increasing heart rate and increasing sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight responsiveness) to increase. Part of this response is to --- ��

The Effects of Cocaine

Mon, 06 Oct 2008 21:38:01 +0300

The effects of cocaineon the body are multiple. Three areas that are acutely affected are the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal system, and the cardiovascular system. The effects of cocaine on the central nervous system are perhaps the most severe and the most damaging. Cocaine inhibits the release of dopamine and other neurochemicals in the brain. This is what causes the euphoric high that users often feel. However, one of the long-term effects of cocaine is that the brain slows down and eventually stops producing these neurons because it is getting them artificially. This can lead to mood and behavior alterations that include paranoia, irritability, restlessness, and auditory hallucinations. Effects of Cocaine A decreased appetite, which can lead to malnutrition, is one of the other effects of cocaine on the central nervous system. The effects of cocaine on the gastrointestinal system, while not as common, may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea. The cardiovascular system is another area that suffers from the effects of cocaine. Cocaine causes blood vessels to constrict. This leads to dilated pupils, increased body temperature and heart rate, and blood pressure since there is an increased demand for oxygen by the heart. The most commonly reported cardiovascular problems related to the effects of cocaine are Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, and various arrhythmias. Strokes, seizures, and convulsions are also some of the cardiovascular effects of cocaine. Finally, the effects of cocaine are serious and by causing significan --- ��

Cocaine Addiction

Mon, 06 Oct 2008 21:36:04 +0300

Cocaine addiction is a serious condition that is difficult to treat effectively due to its addictive properties. Clinically it can be used as a local anesthetic though it is more often used recreationally. It is used recreationally by those with cocaine addiction because it is a stimulant of the central nervous system giving rise to what has been described as a euphoric sense of happiness and increased energy. This sense of well-being and contentment is a result of cocaine�s positive effect on the brain�s reward system. Continued stimulation of this centre can cause cocaine addiction. Cocaine in its purest form is a white, pearly product. Street market cocaine is frequently altered or �cut� with various powdery fillers to increase its weight before sale to those with cocaine addiction. The commonly added compounds in this process are baking soda, sugars and local anesthetics which mimic or add to cocaine\'s numbing effect on mucous membranes. Cocaine may also be \"cut\" with other stimulants such as methamphetamine or more dangerously, strong toxins producing vasodilatory effects. For example a nosebleed is incorrectly regarded by those with cocaine addiction as a sign of purity. Cocaine Addiction Cocaine is readily absorbed through any mucous membrane such as those found in the mouth, nose, and lungs via chewing, snorting, or smoking respectively. Alternatively, many with a cocaine addiction inject it directly into their blood stream. It can only be smoked if it is in a form where it doesn�t dissolve in water. Smoking cocaine is preferred by many with cocaine addiction because the cocaine is abso --- ��

Marijuana

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 22:17:15 +0300

What is marijuana? Marijuana (grass, pot, and weed) is the common name for a crude drug made from the plant Cannabis sativa. The main mind-altering (psychoactive) ingredient in marijuana is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), but more than 400 other chemicals also are in the plant. A marijuana \"joint\" (cigarette) is made from the dried particles of the plant. The amount of THC in the marijuana determines how strong its effects will be. The type of plant, the weather, the soil, the time of harvest, and other factors determine the strength of marijuana. The strength of today\'s marijuana is as much as ten times greater than the marijuana used in the early 1970s. This more potent marijuana increases physical and mental effects and the possibility of health problems for the user. Hashish, or hash, is made by taking the resin from the leaves and flowers of the marijuana plant and pressing it into cakes or slabs. Hash is usually stronger than crude marijuana and may contain five to ten times as much THC. Pure THC is almost never available, except for research. Substances sold as THC on the street often turn out to be something else, such as PCP. What are some of the immediate effects of smoking marijuana? Some immediate physical effects of marijuana include a faster heartbeat and pulse rate, bloodshot eyes, and a dry mouth and throat. No scientific evidence indicates that marijuana improves hearing, eyesight, and skin sensitivity. Studies of marijuana\'s mental effects show that the drug can impair or reduce short-term memory, alter sense of time, and reduce ability to do things which require concentration, swift react --- ��

Inhalants: Quick Facts

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 22:04:52 +0300

What are inhalants? Inhalants are volatile substances that produce chemical vapors that can be inhaled through the nose or mouth to induce a psychoactive, or mind-altering, effect. Although other abused substances can be inhaled, the term \"inhalants\" is used to describe a variety of substances whose main characteristic is that they are rarely, if ever, taken by any route other than inhalation. Hundreds of everyday household products are being used by kids to get a quick high by sniffing directly from an open container or \"huffing\" from a rag soaked in the substance held to the face. Common inhalants used to get high include rubber cement, paint thinner, nail polish remover, gasoline, correction fluids and bleach. Statistics � Use of inhalants increased in 2005 among eighth graders. This trend is troubling, since these substances are being abused by younger students. � According to the 2005 Monitoring the Future Study, the proportion of young people who believe it is dangerous to use inhalants has declined among eight and 10th graders over the past five years. (Table 5) � Research indicates a correlation between early inhalant use and delinquent behaviors, substance abuse and other problems later in life. (National Survey on Drug Use and Health, Section 1, Tables 1.19 to 1.27.) Effects of inhalants Inhalant use can cause a number of health problems, including suffocation and even death. � Short-term: heart palpitations, breathing difficulty, dizziness, headaches and possibly death. � Long-term: damage to the brain, nerve cells, heart, lungs, liver, kidney, and possibly death. Severe health consequen --- ��

Inhalants

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 22:02:37 +0300

Inhalants are common products found right in the home and are among the most popular and deadly substances kids abuse. Inhalant abuse can result in death from the very first use. About one in five kids report having used inhalants by the eighth grade. Teens use inhalants by sniffing or �snorting� fumes from containers; spraying aerosols directly into the mouth or nose; bagging, by inhaling a substance inside a paper or plastic bag; huffing from an inhalant-soaked rag; or inhaling from balloons filled with nitrous oxide. Inhalants are breathable chemical vapors that produce psychoactive (mind-altering) effects. Although people are exposed to volatile solvents and other inhalants in the home and in the workplace, many do not think of \"inhalable\" substances as drugs because most of them were never meant to be used in that way. Young people are likely to abuse inhalants, in part, because inhalants are readily available and inexpensive. Parents should see that these substances are monitored closely so that children do not abuse them. Inhalants fall into the following categories: Solvents � industrial or household solvents or solvent-containing products, including paint thinners or solvents, degreasers (dry-cleaning fluids), gasoline, and glues � art or office supply solvents, including correction fluids, felt-tip-marker fluid, and electronic contact cleaners Gases � gases used in household or commercial products, including butane lighters and propane tanks, whipping cream aerosols or dispensers (whippets), and refrigerant gases � household aerosol propellants and associated solvents in items such as spray --- ��

Heroin

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 22:01:05 +0300

Years ago, thoughts of using a needle kept many potential heroin users at bay. Not anymore. Today\'s heroin is so pure, users can smoke it or snort it, causing more kids under 18 to use it. Kids who snort or smoke heroin face the same high risk of overdose and death that haunts intravenous users. Yet 40% of high school seniors polled do not believe there is great risk in trying heroin. Recent studies suggest a shift from injecting to snorting or smoking heroin because of increased purity and the misconception that these forms of use will not lead to addiction. Heroin is processed from morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the seed-pod of the Asian poppy plant. Heroin usually appears as a white or brown powder. Street names associated with heroin include \"smack,\" \"H,\" \"skag,\" and \"junk.\" Other names may refer to types of heroin produced in a specific geographical area, such as \"Mexican black tar.\" The short-term effects of heroin abuse appear soon after a single dose and disappear in a few hours. After an injection of heroin, the user reports feeling a surge of euphoria (\"rush\") accompanied by a warm flushing of the skin, a dry mouth, and heavy extremities. Following this initial euphoria, the user goes \"on the nod,\" an alternately wakeful and drowsy state. Mental functioning becomes clouded due to the depression of the central nervous system. Reports from the Drug Abuse Warning Networks (DAWN) Annual Medical Examiner Data from 1997 show that heroin/morphine was the top-ranking drug among drug-related deaths in 14 US major metro areas. It ranked second in another eight. Accordi --- ��

Ecstasy

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:59:24 +0300

MDMA, called \"Adam,\" \"ecstasy,\" or \"XTC\" on the street, is a synthetic, psychoactive (mind-altering) drug with hallucinogenic and amphetamine-like properties. Its chemical structure is similar to two other synthetic drugs, MDA and methamphetamine, which are known to cause brain damage. Beliefs about MDMA are reminiscent of similar claims made about LSD in the 1950s and 1960s, which proved to be untrue. According to its proponents, MDMA can make people trust each other and can break down barriers between therapists and patients, lovers, and family members. Health Hazards Physical and psychological symptoms. Many problems users encounter with MDMA are similar to those found with the use of amphetamines and cocaine. They are: � Psychological difficulties, including confusion, depression, sleep problems, drug craving, severe anxiety, and paranoia during and sometimes weeks after taking MDMA (in some cases, psychotic episodes have been reported). � Physical symptoms such as muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, faintness, and chills or sweating. � Increases in heart rate and blood pressure, a special risk for people with circulatory or heart disease. Long-term effects. Recent research findings also link MDMA use to long-term damage to those parts of the brain critical to thought and memory. It is believed that the drug causes damage to the neurons that use the chemical serotonin to communicate with other neurons. MDMA is also related in structure and effects to methamphetamine, which has been shown to cause degeneration of neurons containing the neurot --- ��

Cocaine

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:43:40 +0300

Cocaine is a powerfully addictive drug of abuse. Individuals who have tried cocaine have described the experience as a powerful high that gave them a feeling of supremacy. However, once someone starts taking cocaine, one cannot predict or control the extent to which he or she will continue to use the drug. The major ways of taking cocaine are sniffing or snorting, injecting, and smoking (including free-base and crack cocaine). Health risks exist regardless of whether cocaine is inhaled (snorted), injected, or smoked. However, it appears that compulsive cocaine use may develop even more rapidly if the substance is smoked rather than snorted. Smoking allows extremely high doses of cocaine to reach the brain very quickly and results in an intense and immediate high. The injecting drug user is also at risk for acquiring or transmitting HIV infection/AIDS if needles or other injection equipment are shared. Health Hazards Physical effects. Physical effects of cocaine use include constricted peripheral blood vessels, dilated pupils, and increased body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. Some cocaine users report feelings of restlessness, irritability, and anxiety, both while using and between periods of use. An appreciable tolerance to the high may be developed, and many addicts report that they seek but fail to achieve as much pleasure as they did from their first exposure. Paranoia and aggression. High doses of cocaine and/or prolonged use can trigger paranoia. Smoking crack cocaine can produce particularly aggressive paranoid behavior in users. When addicted individuals stop using cocaine, they may become --- ��

Alcohol

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:39:35 +0300

Alcohol A product that is only legal for those that are 21 years of age, alcohol is a depressant that comes from organic sources including grapes, grains and berries. These products are fermented and distilled into a liquid. Alcohol affects every part of the body. It is carried through the bloodstream to the brain, stomach, internal organs, liver, kidneys, muscles � everywhere. It is absorbed very quickly (as short as 5 - 10 minutes) and can stay in the body for several hours.1 Alcohol affects the central nervous system and brain. It can make users loosen up, relax, and feel more comfortable, or can make them more aggressive. Unfortunately, it also lowers their inhibitions, which can set them up for embarrassing or dangerous behavior. In fact, each year approximately 5,000 young people under the age of 21 die as a result of underage drinking. This statistic includes about 1,900 deaths from motor vehicle accidents; 1,600 homicides; 300 suicides; and hundreds of others stemming from injuries such as falls, burns and drownings.2 A standard drink is: One 12-ounce bottle of beer or wine cooler; One 5-ounce glass of wine; or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits.3 Health Hazards It�s no secret that society gives children mixed messages about alcohol. As a parent, you should know that underage drinking can have serious consequences. The teenage brain is still developing. Did you know that alcohol can impair the parts of the brain that control the following: � Motor coordination. This includes the ability to walk, drive and process information.4 � Impulse control. Drinking lowers inhibitions and increases --- ��

DMT-Ayahuasca

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:35:57 +0300

DMT-Ayahuasca Chemical name: N,N-dimethyltryptamine Chemical formula: C12H16N2 Street Names: Dimitri DEA Schedule: Schedule I History of the Drug: N,N-DMT use has been documented as early as the 8th Century AD in snuffs found in burial sites, but its use is believed to be much older. Cohoba snuffs (from the Yopo tree) were documented in Columbia in the 16th through 19th Centuries. N,N-DMT and 5-MeO-DMT were finally identified as the active constituents of cohoba in the early 1950s and in 1954 N,N-DMT was isolated as an active ingredient in A. peregrina. Appearance DMT is a chemical neurotransmitter present naturally in the human body as well as in many plants. Do you smoke this? It can be smoked, or used orally...producing very different results. When ingested orally (usually from plant material)...it is often referred to as Ayahuasca. Pure DMT is most often found in crystal form. What\'s gonna happen to me? When smoked, DMT effects are short-lived and intense and the smoke is harsh and plastic tasting. Onset is fast and furious, sometimes compared to being launched from a cannon. It is a fully engaging and enveloping experience of visions and visuals, which varies greatly from one individual to the next. Users report visiting other worlds, talking with alien entities, profound changes in ontological perspective, fanciful dreamscapes, frightening and overwhelming forces, complete shifts in perception and identity followed by an abrupt return to baseline. Risks & Realities: One of the primary physical problems encountered with smoked N,N-DMT is the harsh nature of the smoke which can cause throat an --- ��

PCP- Phencyclidine

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:34:33 +0300

PCP- Phencyclidine Chemical formula: C18H25N Street Names: angel dust, boat, hog, love boat, peace pill DEA Schedule: Schedule I, II History of the Drug: PCP (phencyclidine) was developed in the 1950s as an intravenous anesthetic. Use of PCP in humans was discontinued in 1965, because it was found that patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its anesthetic effects. PCP is illegally manufactured in laboratories and is sold on the street by such names as \"angel dust,\" \"ozone,\" \"wack,\" and \"rocket fuel.\" \"Killer joints\"and \"crystal supergrass\" are names that refer to PCP combined with marijuana. The variety of street names for PCP reflects its bizarre and volatile effects. Appearance PCP is a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water or alcohol. It has a distinctive bitter chemical taste. PCP can be mixed easily with dyes and turns up on the illicit drug market in a variety of tablets, capsules, and colored powders. It is normally used in one of three ways: snorted, smoked, or eaten. For smoking, PCP is often applied to a leafy material such as mint, parsley, oregano, or marijuana. Do you smoke this? As a powder it is snorted. When it is in a liquid form, it can be injected and when it is a pill or capsule, it is simply swallowed. The powder form of PCP is often mixed with tobacco, dried parsley or marijuana, and then smoked. What\'s gonna happen to me? Like all hallucinogens, PCP has an effect on the mind and the senses. Users can hallucinate, or see and hear things that don\'t really exist. Hallucinogens also influence emotions and the --- ��

LSD

Wed, 06 Feb 2008 21:32:26 +0300

Chemical name: D-lysergic acid diethylamide, D-lysergic acid diethylamide Chemical formula: C20H25N3O Street Names: acid, blotter, cubes, microdot, yellow sunshine DEA Schedule: Schedule I History of the Drug: LSD did not receive popular attention until the early 1960s when the late Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert, his colleague at Harvard University, began experimenting with the drug on themselves, other academics, local artists, and students. In 1974 the National Institute of Mental Health concluded that LSD had no therapeutic use. The interest in LSD during the 1960s also prompted users to seek out naturally occurring substances that produced the same experiential effects. In fact, a variety of substances in nature produce transitory visual or auditory distortion, e.g., cannabis, thornapple, peyote, and jimsonweed. One of the oldest hallucinogens known to Western scientists is mescaline, a derivative of the peyote cactus, used for centuries in natural medicines and religious ceremonies. Substances such as peyote, mescaline, and a variety of exotic fungi (e.g., psilocybin mushrooms) can be smoked, brewed in tea, chewed, and incorporated into food. In the 1960s users exchanged and published recipes for preparation of hallucinogens through popular publications of the era. Appearance Blotter The most common form of LSD is paper blotter divided into about 1/4\" squares called tabs. A single tab usually contains between 30 - 100 ug of LSD. Paper blotters are created by taking a sheet of absorbent paper (usually decorated and perforated) and soaking it in a dilution of lysergic acid diethyla --- ��

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